The diversity of nut traits in 8 wild populations and 2 cultivated populations of Amygdalus pedunculata was investigated to provide references for resource protection and utilization. The results indicated: (1) there were significant differences among and within populations. The morphological traits, such as nut length, nut weight, kernel ratio, had great morphological diversity with variation coefficient (CV). The range of nut weight varied from 0.18 to 0.81g with CV 26.19%. The range and CV of nut weight and kernel weight were the largest, and those of nut thickness and nut length/thickness were the smallest; (2) Correlation analysis revealed that nut width and nut length were positively correlated with the nut weight, with r=0.867 and 0.788 respectively. The kernel ratios in different ecotype were negatively regulated with thickness of shell, nut length and nut weight, with r=-0.455, -0.428 and -0.444, and positively correlated with nut thickness/width and kernel weight, with r=0.209 and 0.191; (3) The A. pedunculata genetic diversity reduced by artificial intervention, and high morphological variation was observed in nut phenotypic traits in the wild populations.

目的 为探究西伯利亚白刺盐适应机制。 方法 以1年生西伯利亚白刺水培幼苗为材料，研究不同浓度NaCl（0、200、300 mmol·L^-1）胁迫24 h后根系Na⁺、K⁺离子流的动态变化（利用扫描离子选择微电极技术，SIET）及植株各器官中Na⁺、K⁺含量的静态变化（利用电感耦合等离子体光谱仪，ICP-OES）。 结果 表明：（1）短期NaCl胁迫显著提高了西伯利亚白刺根、茎、叶中Na⁺含量，其中，叶中Na⁺含量是根中的3倍以上；西伯利亚白刺根、茎、叶中K⁺含量保持稳定或上升；（2）盐胁迫下，西伯利亚白刺根、茎、叶中K⁺/Na⁺呈下降趋势，其中，在200、300 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下，根中K⁺/Na⁺差异不显著；（3）离子流结果显示，NaCl胁迫显著提高了西伯利亚白刺根系Na⁺的外流；对照和200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫下，K⁺净流量分别为156、159 pmol·cm^-2·s^-1，差异不显著；300 mmol·L^-1 NaCl胁迫显著提高了K⁺的内流，净流量为-370 pmol·cm^-2·s^-1。 结论 综合分析认为，西伯利亚白刺通过叶片对Na⁺区隔，加强根系对Na⁺的外排和K⁺内流，进而维持植株根系K⁺/Na⁺的相对平衡，以此适应盐渍环境。